Chic…by Leora Freedman

Speed Graphic Camera Evan Feuerstein met Chic in the 1960’s, while they were both working at Slide O’Chrome, a top New York professional photographic lab.  Chic’s full name was Charles M. Chic.  A few years earlier he’d been drafted into the US Army, which he did not want to serve, especially in the heat of the deep South where they sent him for basic training.  Chic was a peaceful man with a horror of war; he also wanted to stay alive. There were things he intended to accomplish.

So, Chic used stereotypes of black people to his advantage. He lost his gun.  He didn’t lose it just once or twice; he lost it as often as he possibly could.  His commanders would bark at him: “Where’s your gun, Private?”  Chic would look around and say “Gun?  What gun?”  Sometimes for good measure he asked, “What is…gun?”

After a while, they transferred Chic to kitchen duty, where he lost utensils and pretended not to know that heating the oven meant turning it on.  He cut himself while chopping potatoes and pretended the staff’s instructions went in one ear and out the other. Just a few weeks into his army service, Chic received an honorable discharge.  Then he was free to head back to New York for the career in professional photography he had planned for himself.

In the photographic labs, he earned the opposite reputation:  He could print pictures faster and better than anyone and was also handy at fixing equipment. He did his work in half the time it was meant to take and would then step out for a while to run his own business, telling Evan Feuerstein to cover for him.  Since opening the darkroom door could ruin any film or paper that was exposed, the manager couldn’t check up on them too often.

Chic had a van with Chic Color Studios painted on the outside and a portable darkroom inside.  In the evenings, he’d park outside the jazz clubs of Manhattan and photograph people inside enjoying themselves.  Then he’d rush back to his van, develop the film and print the pictures, and sell the prints to the customers before they left their tables.  Eventually Chic had more work than he could do alone, so he invited Evan to work for him in the evenings. Chic would go into the clubs to take pictures while Evan stayed inside the van, developing film and printing pictures as fast as he could. He learned a lot of things from Chic, not only about photography.

Copyright © Leora Freedman 2023

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They Were All Holy and Pure…by Leora Freedman

When he was a teenager in 1912, Grandpa Manny left his shtetl of Stepin in Ukraine and sailed alone on the Lusitania to New York.  Eventually he brought over his parents and sisters, but then there was a quarrel and Manny never mentioned his parents again. Even decades later, after the aunts, uncles, cousins, and friends who stayed in Stepin were shot by Germans and Ukrainians and thrown into a pit in the forest, Manny clung to his tradition of not mentioning the past.

In the Stepiner Memory Book written by survivors, Manny’s mother’s family is represented by a small black circle on a cream page. The circle is labeled with their family name and locates their house next to the marketplace.  If we could expand the circle and look through it back into the past, we would see an energetic, angry family, known for its quick skill with a sharp retort and its tough children who lived by their wits and succeeded.

Manny was a Levite, descended from the priests of the Great Temple.  He had a special role in the Stepiner synagogue in Brooklyn and didn’t like having to build furniture at the Waldorf-Astoria on Shabbat.  He belonged to the Stepiner Society, which required him to visit the sick and support even poorer Jews.  His sons argued with him over religion, which they did not want.  His daughters argued with him over the way he wanted to choose everyone’s furniture after they got married.

When America entered the Second World War, Grandpa Manny abandoned his carpentry business to help the war effort.  All the relatives he was still speaking to tried to talk him out of it.  Too old to enlist in the US Navy, he went to work in the Brooklyn Navy Yard, building warships.  He worked long hours insulating huge ships with asbestos to protect their boiler rooms and dining halls from fires during an enemy attack.  After the war Manny went back to his own carpentry. But years later, the asbestos he’d breathed in the navy yard killed him.

The 600 murdered Jews of Stepin are memorialized in the Ukrainian forest with a stone next to the mass grave. On the stone is an epitaph reminding visitors that martyrdom restores the soul to innocence. As it says: They were all Holy and Pure.

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The Best Herring…by Leora Freedman

Tsirel Charlop of Brest-Litovsk was tall, dark, and held herself like the Spanish-Jewish aristocracy of her ancestors.  They were descended from the Jewish exilarchs of ancient Babylonia.  Tsirel was intelligent and freethinking, but as a rabbi’s daughter in the late 19th century she was not supposed to decide for herself to accept the attentions of Netl Feuerstein.  Nevertheless, she allowed Netl to court her. His parents had a lantern store.  Netl had little formal education but was lively and smart, and he captured Tsirel’s heart.  It was said that their courtship amused the entire town of Brest-Litovsk.  Netl took Tsirel bicycling in the countryside, and he documented their unchaperoned outings with one of the new box cameras that hung from the handlebars and could take 100 pictures.

After they were married, Netl and Tsirel decided to try their luck in America, where they came with their little son Morris.  Netl’s extensive knowledge of Yiddish dialects came in handy in the bakeries, markets, synagogues, and delis of Cincinnati.  A shopkeeper would say hello, how can I help, and Netl didn’t miss a beat, replying in the Yiddish dialect of the shopkeeper’s old country hometown.  Netl always got the best herring. Before long he became a successful building contractor.

Tragically, Tsirel died young. Netl remarried quickly and became unreliable.  He would disappear, leaving his three children with the stepmother they referred to as Horseface.  She beat the two girls and made them iron clothing several hours a day until Morris threatened her.  If Netl wasn’t home for several days, the children searched for him.  He was often found in the apartments of other women, and the children would wait patiently at the door until it was opened.  They loved Netl dearly and were always happy to see him.

By the time Morris was fifteen, he was doing the work of a grown man.  Netl would contract for a building job and then disappear, leaving Morris to negotiate with the lumberyard, the workers, the suppliers of hardware and paint.  Morris did the best he could so as not to shame his father and continued to love Netl fiercely.

Netl died before Morris’ son Evan was born. After Evan grew up and became a photographic artist, he knew that he should also be a good businessman.  Art is a product, and the public must be charmed.  Evan wished he’d known his grandfather Netl, especially after he got a gallery and was interviewed on TV.  Evan didn’t know how to be loved by all.  Instead, he described to interviewers his life in the wilderness among the hills, trees, and wildlife.  Evan loved herring as much as his grandfather and other ancestors, but he ate it from a tin.

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Edwin’s Girl…by Leora Freedman

In 1923, Joseph Baum sent his son Edwin to Palestine for a year after Edwin graduated high school.  In those days, lots of New York kids skipped grades and graduated young. Edwin was only sixteen.  Joseph himself had dreamed of Palestine — the Land of Israel for four thousand years — but he had already been through one immigration.  Edwin packed his steamer trunk in Brooklyn and boarded a ship alone.  Several weeks later he was lowered from the ship in a basket, into a small boat that took him ashore to Jaffa.

Joseph thought Edwin would like the Herzliya Hebrew Gymnasium, the first modern high school in Palestine.  But Edwin hated it.  He was used to his school in Brooklyn where students expressed their own opinions.  He was also known to skip school and go to the movies.  Neither opinions nor movies were possible in this Germanic gymnasium, where students stood up when the teacher entered the room. Edwin was miserable and ran away.  The principal cabled Joseph that his son was missing, and the school couldn’t be responsible.

In many Israeli stories — both fictional and true — there is a sabra woman from the time of the Second Aliyah.  She is usually tall, with flaming red hair, outspoken and brave.  She is secular and wears shorts, and she rides a horse.  It’s likely that these real and imagined characters were modeled on Revital, the mother of Edwin’s Palestinian girlfriend Shuli.  Revital was all these things and was well known in her day.  Like her mother, Shuli was a daring young woman who fell in love immediately with Edwin when he showed up in their small town of Rehovot, on the run from the gymnasium.  Edwin fell in love with Shuli and with the life of her family and the town.  He learned to speak Hebrew, ride a horse, and shoot a gun to guard the village.  No one knew where he was except the people in Rehovot.  Edwin didn’t write to his family in Brooklyn.

Joseph trusted his son and felt Edwin was probably all right.  But he asked his wife Charlotte and teenage daughter Flora to sail immediately to Palestine to find Edwin.  When they arrived, Edwin was there to greet them in the little boat after they were lowered from the ship in the basket.  Joseph said it was all right for Edwin to stay in Rehovot because he was learning Hebrew and had become part of the village life.

The romance between Shuli and Edwin didn’t survive his return to America and his years in college.  He married Eve, who had dark hair but was also outspoken and brave.

Twenty years after Shuli and Edwin’s teenage romance, Shuli visited New York and decided to look him up.  She called his number.  He picked up the phone and said hello.

Hello, Edwin, Shuli said simply, without identifying herself.

Hello, Shuli, he said, without missing a beat.

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The Price of Redemption….by Leora Freedman

At eighteen, Evan Feuerstein imagined himself becoming a traveling bard, a poet who would know a whole poetic tradition by heart.  He would be both vessel and essence of this tradition.  When his parents sent him to the new country of Israel the summer before college, he knew this tradition wouldn’t be—couldn’t be—in Hebrew.  Family friends tried to convince him to stay.  They thought life there would appeal to Evan, who was refined and idealistic.  Evan did not fear physical battles.  He did fear barracks life as a refined and idealistic man who was also small and thin.  But what really made staying in Israel impossible was his inability to express the inexpressible in Hebrew.

Sometimes, the desire to stay must be so strong that a person prefers to be miserable in the holy Land of Israel than to be happy in an unholy land abroad. Evan met a kibbutznik who wanted to experiment with varieties of grains and fruit trees; instead, the comrades made him plant shrubs around the dining hall.  This made him bitter, though it didn’t make him leave the kibbutz or the country.  He seemed to treasure this bitterness: it was his bitterness.

Evan also met an artist who had left New York for a kibbutz in the Upper Galilee, where peacocks wandered freely, and nearby mountains cradled ancient ruins.  The comrades assigned him a weekly schedule of five days in the chicken house and one day for art, though they refused to give him a studio. In the middle of the night, the artist moved his paints, easels, and canvases into an old building.  He was done before the cocks crowed: this was called establishing facts on the ground.  In the old building, he found a scratched enlarger and a broken tripod.  These had belonged to a photographer, whose equipment was ruined once it became collective property.

A family friend, the Jerusalem Post journalist Julian Meltzer, wanted Evan to stay in Israel.  Julian pointed to a small Egyptian tank still sitting in a corner of his garden in Talpiot.  That’s how close they came, he said.  Julian’s wife respected Evan’s aesthetic taste; a friend of hers with an antique shop in town said that Evan walked in and immediately spotted the best chased copper plate, the finest Arab coffee pot. Julian thought Evan also had the potential to be a proud son of his people in their modern-day redemption.

Evan never forgot his conversations with Julian in the garden in Talpiot.  He always gave credit to Israel for inspiring him to start an intentional community in northern British Columbia. But in the Canadian north Evan learned over again that the fierce individuals who make up any collective are unlikely to be compatible or cooperative. The price of redemption is always high. Sometimes, people want to leave the bitterness behind.  Evan decided it was better to try redeeming one person at a time, starting with himself.

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Opening Myth…by Leora Freedman

In the early twentieth century, Evan’s grandfather started a family tradition of sending teenagers to the Land of Israel. The summer Evan was sent there, he photographed two Jewish children who had fled North Africa, a little boy and girl holding hands, walking an uneven path between shacks in a refugee camp near Haifa. He made the first print in the darkroom his father had set up for the boys in one of the bathrooms of their Brooklyn brownstone.  Later he used a wash of bright acrylic to change the drab background and let the children walk between streams of colour that parted for them.

Evan was always attracted to mythic stories.  In an epic poem, everything is possible, and the hero can be both refined and fierce.  Between his apartment in Vancouver and the Asian grocery downstairs lived a well-known poet who was delicate and feared many things.  She was glad Evan lived upstairs.  Once, when she was very afraid, Evan showed her how to dance holding a large knife like an epic hero.  The poet found that it is nearly impossible to feel afraid when you are dancing with a large knife.

An immigrant named Boris Gork recognized photography as art and thought the public would be caught up in Evan’s visions.  Boris rented a storefront and turned it into the Boris Gork Gallery, cleaning and painting the walls white, installing lights, printing invitations and posters. Then they hung Opening Myth, a photographic collage, three by four feet, to greet visitors when they stepped into the gallery.  A negative printing of the ancient walls of Acco framed abstractions of reversed black and white, indistinct images that could be people or animals.  There might have been a treetop or a sword or a flag flying from a citadel.  In this photographic tapestry, nothing was certain, and everything was suggested and possible.

The show was a critical but not a commercial success, so Boris closed the gallery and went on to other ventures.  Evan continued making wooden frames for other artists.  But the myth went on opening inside Evan’s studio, hidden from public view but permeating his days as an artist. He walked alone through winding dark passages and climbed severe, semi-tumbled ramparts into light.

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Creating from the Bones of a Photograph What the Mind Saw…by Leora Freedman

Evan’s utopian community in the interior of British Columbia attracted a collection of fierce individualists. Each member had a unique vision of the ideal society, which made it hard to cooperate.  Evan’s girlfriend Joannie wanted an ever-expanding farm, a scientific multiplication of their goat herd, a milk and cheese business, and more equipment. Evan thought it would be nice to subsist and have time left over for creative work. Joannie thought art was a waste of time and took up with a man who agreed.  In the end, Evan left his dream of community behind and headed alone to Vancouver. 

The bones of a photograph are the limitations imposed on the photographer by nature.  There is always a framework of what is seen, what is given by life and the eye.  But there is also the inner eye and what it sees, which is not the same as the outer eye or the camera lens.  This is what makes photography an art. Evan’s father Morris understood this, although he wanted Evan to come back to New York and join his dental practice. After Evan left the community, Morris shipped to Evan his own 1939 Leica and four lenses, along with an enlarger. 

In 1967, living alone above the Asian grocery on Fourth Avenue in Vancouver, surrounded by hippies, Evan started his photographic experiments. His first abstract was made by opening the lens to turn a ceiling light into a comet streaking through the room. He also combined images in the darkroom.  One showed a tiny human form glowing with a weird light among the immense trees of the interior rain forest.

Evan also made sculptures by melting glass with a torch.  The glass sculptures were then put inside the enlarger in place of film, their images projected onto photographic paper. Some of these images became angels, human-like forms with the face of a lion or eagle.  Other glass melted into steep, stony mountains with ruins and twisted trees, like the fruit trees Evan planted for the community whose fruit he never tasted. 

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The Stream of Time…by Leora Freedman

Back in the 1960s, Fourth Avenue in Vancouver was home to many hippies.  They wanted to enjoy life, absorb the look and feel of things.  As Thoreau said, life should be real, and you should “keep your accounts on your thumbnail.”  Hippies liked beauty but didn’t want to work for luxuries; in fact, they didn’t want to work at all, and never at real jobs.  Hippies might make beautiful sandals or pottery, but the point was to get by.  “Time is but the stream I go a-fishing in,” wrote Thoreau.  Hippies read this and wanted to see what could be caught.

Not all the hippies were real hippies.  Some were weekend hippies: “straight” lawyers or businessmen and their wives or girlfriends, who dressed up in beads and fringes on a Saturday and smoked a joint with some real hippies they found on a front stoop on Fourth Avenue.  And some were observers, gawking at everyone through a car window, driving slowly.

These observers saw remarkable things, like the Prince.  No one ever knew his real name, but he was a handsome, tall hippie with an aristocratic head, blond hair over his ears. The Prince carried a walking stick and stood conversing with a policeman who was a head shorter, straight and encased in his uniform.  What was extraordinary about the scene — which many hippies, both real and weekend, glimpsed that day — was the absoluteness with which the Prince was himself and the police officer was himself. Neither made the slightest compromise, yet they stood just inches apart. The image of the Prince and the policeman stayed with people because Evan captured it in a photograph which made the front page of the first edition of the Georgia Straight.

It was the start of an era, but Evan was neither a hippie nor a straight person.  He was a hardworking artist who was told by the Canada Council that photography was not art.  Canada was a tucked-away place in those days, and the committees of the Canada Council had never heard of Man Ray or Henri Cartier-Bresson.

Evan rebelled against his father’s expectation that he would join his dental practice in New York.  But unlike a hippie, he worked hard, running an art-framing business out of his apartment above an Asian grocery on Fourth Avenue.  He knew how to make the art float inside the frame and other techniques that drew artists like Jack Wise to have their work framed by Evan. He did this work by day, and at night he composed his own photographic abstracts, finding different ways of looking at things.

Eventually Evan created a large body of work, though much of it was destroyed indirectly by the hippies and weekend hippies next door.  They had taken LSD and were sitting around a portable heater which exploded. The hippies watched in delight as liquid colours consumed the walls.  They didn’t realize there had been an explosion — they thought it was an hallucination. All the buildings on that block burned to the ground, though Evan pulled his life from the stream of that time.

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Who Knows Best? by Leora Freedman

Who Knows Best?…by Leora Freedman

Count Perkosky and his wife Amelia were descended from Polish nobility.  At one time, they owned a vast system of estates in Poland; whole villages were filled with people working for them.  The Perkoskys were very cultured and enjoyed skiing in the Alps. After the Second World War and the Soviet takeover, the Perkoskys fled Poland and came to southern British Columbia.  They were attracted by the beautiful, inexpensive land in the B.C. interior as well as the good skiing. There were no ski lifts in the interior at that time, so the Perkoskys climbed up the mountains before skiing down.

Evan Feuerstein and his girlfriend Joannie had fled New York for southern British Columbia — to find a place for an intentional community.  The young couple’s ideas about utopia never interested Count Perkosky, and Evan and Joannie were slightly scandalized by the Perkoskys adherence to nudism.  Locals warned them that to meet Count Perkosky on his isolated property, it was best to arrive nude.  One warm day, Evan and Joannie bumped down the logging road in their old jeep, wearing nothing except small cloth coverings they had sewn to hide their private parts, like Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden.  The Count received them warmly.  He was suntanned all over, though Amelia was pale and wore a broad-brimmed hat to protect her complexion while she tended their large organic garden.

At first Evan was skeptical when the Count said that he and his forebears were always on good terms with the Jews in their region of Poland. Evan knew that many former Nazi collaborators were living comfortable, bucolic lives in Canada, and he once almost got into a fight in a pub over an antisemitic remark.  But the Count was an ardent scrapbooker, and one of his scrapbooks preserved a letter of thanks written in French by a rabbi to the Count’s father.  There was a courtly ease in the way the Count, who was very tall, straight, and strong, spoke to Evan, as if the Count were seeing not Evan but Evan’s forebears in Poland with whom the American Feuersteins had lost contact.  Evan realized that the Count knew things he himself didn’t know.

Amelia and the Count had a son, Andy, who grew up in British Columbia and became a well-off, successful logger.  The Count did not drive; previously, when the family needed groceries, they went down the lake by boat, or took their sled in winter.  But Andy bought a shiny red pickup.  He liked to drive around the back country drinking beer, and he enjoyed hunting and fishing.  It wasn’t lost on the Count and Amelia that their son became a Canadian version of a Polish villager, richer but not very different from the people who had worked on the Perkoskys’ estates in Poland.  Amelia was heartbroken.  But Andy’s life didn’t bother the Count, who had accepted peacefully the change in their fortunes that precluded living a cultured life.  He had faith in his son to know what was best.

Copyright © Leora Freedman 2021

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The Passover Box…by Leora Freedman

The Passover Box by Leora FreedmanBack when Evan and Joannie were homesteading on the flat along the Prophet River, Flora would mail them a large carton from Macy’s each Passover, filled with matzah, macaroons, dried mangos and papaya, and anything else she thought would be nice for the holiday.  After a steady diet of bear meat, lentils, rice and carrots (the only vegetable they succeeded in growing in the far north of British Columbia) the Passover box was a welcome change.

While Flora was preparing to host a seder for eighty friends and relatives in the family’s large apartment on Central Park West, her son Evan was enjoying being so far from the crowds and noise, the press and shove of New York.  At the makeshift seder he and Joannie held, he spoke about the rain.  It rained a lot in the far north, and after a few days of it their clothing and boots were wet through and it was hard to imagine a world in which anything was dry.  The rain and cold also ruined all the vegetables they planted in summer, except for the carrots.  But at the seder Evan spoke about how wonderful it was to realize that the rain wasn’t falling from the sky in order to harass him, as people on the streets of New York had done.  The rain just was!

After that speech, Evan looked out the window at the valley, which was forty by sixty miles, and sang one of his favorite songs—a cowboy tune called “Don’t Fence Me In” which he had sometimes sung for the guests at his parents’ seders.  When he wrote to Flora to thank her for the Passover box, he mentioned that for the first time in his life he felt truly free.

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